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Xylulose

Xylulose^[1]^[2]

IUPAC name	(3R,4S)-1,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxypentan-2-one
Other names	threo-Pentulose threo-2-Pentulose
Identifiers
CAS number	527-50-4
PubChem	22253
SMILES	C([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)CO)O)O)O
Properties
Molecular formula	C₅H₁₀O₅
Molar mass	150.13 g/mol
Appearance	Syrup
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Xylulose is a ketopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has the chemical formula C₅H₁₀O₅. In nature, it occurs in both the L- and D-enantiomers.

Additional recommended knowledge

Essential Laboratory Skills Guide

Correct Test Weight Handling Guide: 12 Practical Tips

Weighing the right way

Pathology

In animals, L-Xylulose accumulates in the urine in patients with pentosuria, due to a deficiency in L-xylulose reductase. Since L-xylulose is a reducing sugar like D-glucose, pentosuria patients have been wrongly diagnosed in the past to be diabetic.

References

^ Data is for L-xylulose.
^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9996.

General:	Aldose \| Ketose \| Pyranose \| Furanose
Geometry:	Triose \| Tetrose \| Pentose \| Hexose \| Heptose \| Cyclohexane conformation \| Anomer \| Mutarotation
Small/Large:	Glyceraldehyde \| Dihydroxyacetone \| Erythrose \| Threose \| Erythrulose \| Sedoheptulose
Trioses:	ketotriose \| Aldotriose
Tetroses:	Erythrulose \| Erythrose \| Threose
Pentoses:	Arabinose \| Deoxyribose \| Lyxose \| Ribose \| Ribulose \| Xylose \| Xylulose
Hexoses:	Glucose \| Galactose \| Mannose \| Gulose \| Idose \| Talose \| Allose \| Altrose \| Fructose \| Sorbose \| Tagatose \| Psicose \| Fucose \| Rhamnose
Disaccharides:	Sucrose \| Lactose \| Trehalose \| Maltose
Polymers:	Glycogen \| Starch (Amylose \| Amylopectin) \| Cellulose \| Chitin \| Stachyose \| Inulin \| Dextrin
Glycosaminoglycans:	Heparin \| Chondroitin sulfate \| Hyaluronan \| Heparan sulfate \| Dermatan sulfate \| Keratan sulfate
Aminoglycosides:	Kanamycin \| Streptomycin \| Tobramycin \| Neomycin \| Paromomycin \| Apramycin \| Gentamicin \| Netilmicin \| Amikacin