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XK (protein)

XK (protein)
Identifiers
Symbol	XK
Alt. Symbols	XKR1, Kx, X1k
Entrez	7504
HUGO	12811
OMIM	314850
PDB	BAE48708
RefSeq	NM_021083
UniProt	P51811
Other data
Locus	Chr. X p21.2-p21.1

XK (also known as Kell blood group precursor) is a protein found on human red blood cells and other tissues which is responsible for the Kx antigen which helps determine a person's blood type. The Kx antigen plays a role in matching blood for blood transfusions. Absence of XK protein leads to McLeod syndrome, a multi-system disorder characterized by hemolytic anemia, myopathy, acanthocytosis, and chorea. ^[1]

Additional recommended knowledge

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XK is located on the X chromosome and absence of the XK protein is an X-linked disease.^[2] XK is a membrane transport protein of unknown action.^[3]

References

^ Malandrini A, Fabrizi GM, Truschi F, Di Pietro G, Moschini F, Bartalucci P, Berti G, Salvadori C, Bucalossi A, Guazzi G. Atypical McLeod syndrome manifested as X-linked chorea-acanthocytosis, neuromyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy: report of a family. J Neurol Sci. 1994 Jun;124(1):89-94. PMID 7931427
^ Ho MF, Monaco AP, Blonden LA, van Ommen GJ, Affara NA, Ferguson-Smith MA, Lehrach H. Fine mapping of the McLeod locus (XK) to a 150-380-kb region in Xp21. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Feb;50(2):317-30. PMID 1734714
^ Jung HH, Russo D, Redman C, Brandner S. Kell and XK immunohistochemistry in McLeod myopathy. Muscle Nerve. 2001 Oct;24(10):1346-51. PMID 11562915

v • d • e Transfusion medicine
General concepts	Apheresis (Plasmapheresis, Plateletpheresis, Leukapheresis) - Blood transfusion - Coombs test - Cross-matching - Exchange transfusion - International Society of Blood Transfusion - Intraoperative blood salvage - ISBT 128 - Transfusion reactions
Human blood group systems - Blood type	ABO - Chido-Rodgers - Colton - Cromer - Diego - Dombrock - Duffy - Gerbich - GIL - Hh - Ii - Indian - JMH - Kell (Xk) - Kidd - Knops - Landsteiner-Weiner - Lewis - Lutheran - MNS - OK - P - Raph - Rh - Scianna - T-Tn - Xg - Yt
Blood products	Blood donation - Blood substitutes - Cryoprecipitate - Platelets - Plasma - Red blood cells