Subtalar joint
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Subtalar Joint
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Ligaments of the medial aspect of the foot.
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Latin
| articulatio subtalaris, articulatio talocalcanea
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Gray's
| subject #96 352
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MeSH
| Subtalar+Joint
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Dorlands/Elsevier
| a_64/12161574
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- For a review of anatomical terms, see Anatomical position and Anatomical terms of location.
In human anatomy, the subtalar joint, also known as the
talocalcaneal joint, is a joint of the foot. It occurs at the meeting point of the talus and the calcaneus. The joint allows inversion and eversion of the foot, but plays no role in dorsiflexion or plantarflexion of the foot.
Additional recommended knowledge
The talus is oriented slightly obliquely on the anterior surface of the calcaneus. There are two points of articulation between the two bones: one anteriorly and one posteriorly.
- At the anterior talocalcaneal articulation, a convex area of the talus fits on a concave surface of the calcaneus.
- The posterior talocalcaneal articulation is formed by a concave surface of the talus and a convex surface of the calcaneus.
Ligaments and membranes
The main ligament of the joint is the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, a thick, strong band of two partially joined fibers that bind the talus and calcaneus. It runs through the sinus tarsi, a canal between the articulations of the two bones.
There are four additional ligaments that form weaker connections
between the talus and calcaneus.
- The anterior talocalcaneal ligament (or anterior interosseous ligament) attaches at the neck of the talus on the front and lateral surfaces to the superior calcaneus.
- The short band of the posterior talocalcaneal ligament extends from the lateral tubercle of the talus to the upper medial calcaneus.
- The short, strong lateral talocalcaneal ligament connects from the lateral talus under the fibular facet to the lateral calcaneus, and runs parallel to the calcaneofibular ligament.
- The medial talocalcaneal ligament extends from the medial tubercle of the talus to the sustentaculum tali on the medial surface of the calcaneus.
A synovial membrane lines the capsule of the joint, and the joint
is wrapped in a capsule of short fibers that are continuous with the
talocalconeonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints of the foot.
Sources
- Calais-Germain, Blandine. "Anatomy of Movement", Eastland Press, 1993. ISBN 0-939616-17-3
- Anatomy of the Human Body, Henry Gray, 1918
Joints and ligaments of lower limbs |
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Coxal/hip | iliofemoral - pubofemoral - ischiofemoral - head of femur - transverse acetabular |
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Knee-joint | patellar - popliteal (oblique, arcuate) - collateral (medial/tibial, lateral/fibular) - cruciate (anterior, posterior) - menisci (medial, lateral) |
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Tibiofibular | Superior tibiofibular: anterior of the head of the fibula - posterior of the head of the fibula Inferior tibiofibular: anterior of the lateral malleolus - posterior of the lateral malleolus |
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Talocrural/ankle | deltoid - external lateral of the ankle-joint (anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, calcaneofibular) |
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Foot - intertarsal | Subtalar/talocalcaneal: anterior talocalcaneal - posterior talocalcaneal - lateral talocalcaneal - medial talocalcaneal - interosseous talocalcaneal
Talocalcaneonavicular: dorsal talonavicular
Calcaneocuboid: dorsal calcaneocuboid - bifurcated - long plantar - plantar calcaneocuboid
Transverse tarsal: plantar calcaneonavicular/spring |
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Foot - other | Cuneonavicular, Cuboideonavicular, Intercuneiform and cuneocuboid, Tarsometatarsal/Lisfranc, Intermetatarsal, Metatarsophalangeal, Interphalangeal Arches of the foot (Longitudinal, Transverse) Plantar cuneonavicular ligaments |
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