Subplate

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Subplate neurons are among the first generated neurons in the mammalian cerebral cortex (Kostovic & Rakic, 1980). These neurons disappear during postnatal development and are important in establishing the correct wiring (McConnell et al. 1989, Ghosh & Shatz, 1992) and functional maturation (Kanold et al. 2003) of the cerebral cortex. Subplate neurons appear to be selectively sensitive to injury (such as hypoxia) which in humans are associated with motor and cognitive defects (McQuillen & Ferriero 2005).

Subplate neurons are the first cortical neurons to receive synaptic inputs from thalamic axons, establishing a temporary link between thalamic axons and their final target in layer 4. ^[1][2][3]. Later, thalamic axons invade layer 4 where they innervate layer 4 neurons. In the visual system thalamic axons to layer 4 form ocular dominance columns and this segregation of thalamic axons is impaired if subplate neurons are missing (Ghosh & Shatz 1992, Kanold et al. 2003) .

References

• ^  Ghosh, A. & Shatz, C. J. (1992) Involvement of subplate neurons in the formation of ocular dominance columns. Science 255, 1441-1443 PMID 1542795
• ^  Friauf, E., McConnell, S. K. & Shatz, C. J. (1990) Functional synaptic circuits in the subplate during fetal and early postnatal development of cat visual cortex. J. Neurosci. 10, 2601-2613 PMID 2388080
• ^  Rakic, P. (1977) Prenatal development of the visual system in rhesus monkey. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 278, 245-260 PMID 19781

Kostovic I, Rakic P.; J Neurocytol. 1980 Apr;9(2):219-42 [4]

McConnell SK, Ghosh A, Shatz CJ; Science. 1989 Sep 1;245(4921):978-82 [5]

Ghosh A, Shatz CJ; Science. 1992 Mar 13;255(5050):1441-3 [6]

Kanold PO, Kara P, Reid RC, Shatz CJ.; Science. 2003 Jul 25;301(5632):521-5 [7]

McQuillen PS, Ferriero DM; Brain Pathol. 2005 Jul;15(3):250-60 [8]

See also

• Cerebral Cortex
• Cortical column
• Cerebral hemisphere