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Stiripentol
Stiripentol (marketed as Diacomit by Laboratoires BIOCODEX) is an anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. It is unrelated to other anticonvulsants and belongs to the group of aromatic allylic alcohols. Additional recommended knowledge
Mechanism of actionAs with most anticonvulsants, the precise mechanism is unknown. It has been shown to have anticonvulsant effects on its own. It can prevent the reuptake of GABA and inhibit its metabolism. It also improves the effectiveness of many other anticonvulsants, possibly due to it inhibiting certain enzymes. This slows the drug's metabolism, increasing blood plasma levels. Approval historyE.M.E.A approval
Diacomit is indicated for use in conjunction with clobazam and valproate as adjunctive therapy of refractory generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI, Dravet's syndrome) whose seizures are not adequately controlled with clobazam and valproate.
Indications and usageIt is indicated as an adjunctive therapy with sodium valproate and clobazam for treating severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI, also know as Dravet's syndrome). Children with SMEI develop often intractable seizures during their first year of life and mental retardation follows. Small-scale trials have show remarkably high response rates, with a significant minority of those treated becoming seizure free. In addition, it may be used to treat refractory childhood epilepsy in conjunction with carbamazepine. It appears to be less effective in adolescents and adults. DosingStiripentol is available as a gelatine capsule (250mg, 500mg) and as a sachet of powder to make a drinkable suspension (250mg, 500mg). Initial dose is 50 mg/kg per day. This may be increased up to 100 mg/kg per day, with a maximum of 4g. The dose to be divided into two or three with meals. The does of other anticonvulsants may have to be reduced (possibly up to 50%). Side effectsSide effects are largely due to the increase in plasma concentrations of other anticonvulsants and can be reduced by lowering the does of those drugs. Nausea and vomiting are particularly noted when used in combination with sodium valproate. Drug interactionsStiripentol inhibits several cytochrome P450 isoenzymes and so interacts with many anticonvulsants and other medicines. This is both a strength and weakness. It appears to increase the potency of phenobarbital, primidone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, clobazam and diazepam. For example, blood levels of carbamazepine can be maintained whist reducing the dose by 50%. References
Categories: Anticonvulsants | Orphan drugs |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Stiripentol". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |