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Median sternotomy

Median sternotomy is a type of surgical procedure in which a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided, or "cracked". This procedure provides access to the heart and lungs for surgical procedures such as heart transplant, corrective surgery for congenital heart defects (CHD's), or coronary artery bypass surgery.

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Median sternotomy is often mistakenly referred to as open heart surgery; however, open heart involves incision of the pericardium, and many median sternotomy procedures do not require this. Open heart usually involves the use of a cardiopulmonary bypass, also known as a heart-lung machine.

v • d • e Health Science – Medicine - Surgery - Cardiac surgery procedures (ICD-9-CM V3 35-37)
Coronary heart disease	Angioplasty - Coronary artery bypass - MIDCAB - Off-pump coronary artery bypass - TECAB
Heart valves	Aortic valve repair - Aortic valve replacement - Mitral valve repair - Mitral valve replacement - Ross procedure
Great vessels	Bentall procedure - David procedure - Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy
Myocardium	Cardiomyoplasty - Dor procedure - Heart transplantation - Septal myectomy - Ventricular reduction
Pericardium	Pericardiocentesis - Pericardiectomy
Congenital heart disease	Blalock-Taussig shunt - Fontan procedure - Norwood procedure - Atrial septostomy
Conduction system	Maze procedure - Pacemaker insertion