Interventricular septum

Interventricular septum

Section of the heart showing the ventricular septum.

Interior of dorsal half of heart of human embryo of about thirty-five days. (Labeled as 'septum inferius')
Latin	s. interventriculare cordis
Gray's	subject #138 535
Artery	anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery
MeSH	Heart+Septum
Dorlands/Elsevier	s_08/12730379

Interventricular septum (or ventricular septum, or during development septum inferius) is the stout wall separating the lower chambers (the ventricles) of the heart from one another.

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The ventricular septum is directed obliquely backward and to the right, and is curved with the convexity toward the right ventricle: its margins correspond with the anterior and posterior longitudinal sulci.

Portions

The greater portion of it is thick and muscular and constitutes the muscular ventricular septum.

Its upper and posterior part, which separates the aortic vestibule from the lower part of the right atrium and upper part of the right ventricle, is thin and fibrous, and is termed the membranous ventricular septum (septum membranaceum).

Disorders

A hole in the interventricular septum is termed a ventricular septal defect (VSD).

v • d • e Anatomy of torso, cardiovascular system: heart
Structures	atria (interatrial septum, musculi pectinati) • ventricles (interventricular septum, trabeculae carneae, chordae tendinae, papillary muscle) • valves • cusps
Regions	base • apex • grooves (coronary/atrioventricular, interatrial, anterior interventricula, posterior interventricular) • surfaces (sternocostal, diaphragmatic) • borders (right, left)
Right heart	(vena cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (auricle, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of the inferior vena cava, valve of the coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (conus arteriosus, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula) → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation)
Left heart	(pulmonary veins) → left atrium (auricle) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation)
Layers	pericardium: fibrous pericardium • serous pericardium (pericardial cavity, epicardium/visceral layer) • pericardial sinus myocardium • endocardium • cardiac skeleton (fibrous trigone, fibrous rings)
Conduction system	Cardiac pacemaker • SA node • AV node• bundle of His • Purkinje fibers