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Rinkhals
The Rinkhals also called the Ringhals or Spitting cobra (Hemachatus haemachatus) is a venomous elapid species found in parts of southern Africa. It is one of a group of cobras that has developed the ability to spit venom as a defense mechanism. Additional recommended knowledge
DescriptionColoration varies throughout its distribution area but characteristic of the species is that the belly is dark and there are 1-2 light coloured crossbands on the throat. Average length is 90 - 110cm[1]. Scale Pattern and DistributionScalation:[2]
DistributionSouthern Cape province of South Africa, N.E through the Free State, Lesotho, Transkei, Kwazulu Natal,South Africa, Western Swaziland and parts of Gauteng, South Africa. An isolated population is centered around Inyanga on the Zimbabwe / Mozambique border[1]. Behaviour and DietThe Rinkhals is nocturnal. Its main prey is toads[2], but it also eats small mammals, reptiles and other amphibians[3]. VenomThe venom of the Rinkhals is neurotoxic. The venom of this species is less viscous than that of other African elapids[1]. It generally aims its venom at the face. If the venom enters the eyes it causes great pain[3]. Symptoms of a BiteLocal symptoms of swelling / bruising is reported in about 25% of cases[1]. General symptoms of drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, violent abdominal pain, cramps and vertigo often occur, as does a mild pyrexial reaction[1][3]. Defensive behaviourWhen distressed the Rinkhals spreads its hood, showing its distinctive striped neck. The Rinkhals is a form of spitting cobra and it is able to spray its venom up to 2.5m[3]. It is known to sham death by rolling onto its back with its mouth agape. HabitatThe Rinkhals generally prefers grassland habitas[3]. Interesting Facts
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Rinkhals". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |