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Pylorus



 It has been suggested that Pyloric antrum be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)
Pylorus
Outline of stomach, showing its anatomical landmarks.
Interior of the stomach. (Pylorus labeled at center left.)
Latin valvula pylori
Gray's subject #247 1164
Dorlands/Elsevier v_02/12844554

The pylorus (from Greek πυλωρος = "gate guard") is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts:

  • the pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach.
  • the pyloric canal, which connects to the duodenum.

The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from celiac ganglion.

Medical significance

One medical condition associated with the pylorus is pyloric stenosis. In such conditions as stomach cancer, when tumours may partly block the pyloric canal, a special tube can be implanted surgically to connect the stomach to the duodenum to assist food to pass from one to the other. This tube is called a pyloric stent.

Additional images

References

  • Stedman's/LWW 1557908
v • d • e
Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract
Upper GI: to stomachMouth • Pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx) • Esophagus • Crop
Upper GI: stomachrugae - gastric pits - cardia/gland - fundus/gland - pylorus/gland - pyloric antrum - pyloric canal - greater curvature - lesser curvature - angular incisure
Lower GI: intestinesSmall intestine: Duodenum (Suspensory muscle, Major duodenal papilla, Minor duodenal papilla) • Duodenojejunal flexure • Jejunum • Ileum • continuous (intestinal villus, crypts of Lieberkühn, circular folds)

Junction: Vermiform appendix • Ileocecal valve

Large intestine: Cecum • Colon (ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon) • continuous (taenia coli, haustra, epiploic appendix)
Lower GI: terminationRectum: Houston valve • rectal ampulla • pectinate line

Anal canal: anal valves • anal sinuses • anal columns • Hilton's white line

Anus: Sphincter ani internus muscle • Sphincter ani externus muscle
Lower GI: lymphGALT: Peyer's patches (M cells)
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Pylorus". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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