Pholcodine

Pholcodine is a modified opiate cough suppressant (antitussive) that acts primarily on the central nervous system (CNS) causing depression of the cough reflex, partly by a direct effect on the cough centre in the medulla. It also has a mild sedative effect, yet has little or no analgesic action. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and freely crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is metabolized in the liver and its action may be prolonged in hepatic insufficiency. Pholcodine is found in cough lozenges. It helps suppress unproductive coughs and acts an antifungal agent.

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Side effects

Side effects are rare and may include dizziness and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea or vomiting.

Adverse effects such as constipation, drowsiness, excitation, ataxia and respiratory depression have been reported occasionally or after large doses.

A norwegian cough-syrup containing Pholcodine ("Tuxi") has been withdrawn from the market because it caused increased levels of IgE-antibodies, regardless of an actual allergy to the drug[1]. This is because it is believed to increase the risk of anaphylaxis to neuromuscular blocking agents used during anaesthesia.

See also

Other cough suppressants

• Codeine
• Hydrocodone
• Dextromethorphan