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Penitrem A

Penitrem A

Other names	Tremortin
Identifiers
CAS number	12627-35-9
PubChem	337313
SMILES	CC(=C)C1C(C2C3(O2)C(O1)CCC4(C3(CCC5C4(C6=C7C5OC(C8CC9C8(C1=C7C(=CC(=C1CC9=C)Cl)N6)O)(C)C)C)O)C)O
Properties
Molecular formula	C₃₇H₄₄ClNO₆
Molar mass	634.20136
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Penitrem A (tremortin) is a fungal neurotoxin found on ryegrass. It is produced by certain species of Aspergillus, Claviceps, and Penicillium. It inhibits potassium channels in smooth muscles.^{[citation needed]} The maxi-channels targeted have their highest density in the cerebellar Purkinje cells.

It causes a stagger in horses and cattle.

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Effective dose

The ED₅₀ for penitrem A is 10 nM.^{[citation needed]} The ED₅₀ is the effective dose for 50% of the population. Many toxic chemicals do not show ED-50s and act by irreversible covalent adduction.