To use all functions of this page, please activate cookies in your browser.
my.bionity.com
With an accout for my.bionity.com you can always see everything at a glance – and you can configure your own website and individual newsletter.
- My watch list
- My saved searches
- My saved topics
- My newsletter
Ogilvie syndrome
Ogilvie syndrome is the acute pseudoobstruction and dilation of the colon in the absence of any mechanical obstruction in severely ill patients.[1] Colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by massive dilatation of the cecum (diameter > 10 cm) and right colon on abdominal X-ray.[2][3] Additional recommended knowledge
EtiologyRecent surgery (most common following coronary artery bypass surgery),[4]neurologic disorders, serious infections, cardiorespiratory insufficiency, metabolic disturbances, and drugs that disturb colonic motility (e.g., anticholinergics or narcotics) contribute to the development of this condition.[2][5] PathophysiologyThe exact mechanism behind the acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is not fully elucidated. The probable explanation is imbalance in the regulation of colonic motor activity by the autonomic nervous system.[1] Signs and symptomsUsually the patient has abdominal distention, pain and altered bowel movements.[2][5] TreatmentIt usually resolves with conservative therapy stopping oral ingestions, i.e. nil per os and a nasogastric tube,[2] but may require colonoscopic decompression which is successful in 70% of the cases. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine showed that neostigmine is a potent pharmacological way of decompressing the colon.[1] According to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE), it should be considered prior to colonoscopic decompression. The use of neostigmine is not without risk since it can induce bradyarrhythmia and bronchospasms.[5] Therefore atropine should be within immediate reach when this therapy is used.[1][2][3] PrognosisIt is a serious medical disorder and the mortality rate can be as high as 30%.[5] See alsoNotes
References
|
|||||||||
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Ogilvie_syndrome". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |