Myogenic regulatory factors
Myogenic regulatory factors are basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that regulate myogenesis: MyoD, Myf5, myogenin, and MRF4[1].
Additional recommended knowledge
These proteins contain a conserved basic DNA binding domain that binds the E box DNA motif [2]. They dimerize with other HLH containing proteins through a HLH-HLH interaction[3].
References
- ^ Perry R, Rudnick M. "Molecular mechanisms regulating myogenic determination and differentiation". Front Biosci 5: D750-67. PMID 10966875.
- ^ Weintraub H, Davis R, Tapscott S, Thayer M, Krause M, Benezra R, Blackwell T, Turner D, Rupp R, Hollenberg S (1991). "The myoD gene family: nodal point during specification of the muscle cell lineage". Science 251 (4995): 761-6. PMID 1846704.
- ^ Barndt R, Zhuang Y. "Controlling lymphopoiesis with a combinatorial E-protein code". Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 64: 45-50. PMID 11232321.
Transcription factors and intracellular receptors |
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(1) Basic domains |
(1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) |
Activating transcription factor (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) • AP-1 (c-Fos, FOSB, FOSL1, FOSL2, c-Jun, JUNB, JUND) • BACH (1, 2) • C/EBP (α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ) • CREB (1, 3) • GABPA • MAF (B, F, G, K) • NRL • NRF1 • XBP1 |
(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) |
ATOH1 • AhR • AHRR • ARNT • ASCL1 • BMAL (ARNTL, ARNTL2) • CLOCK • HIF (1A, 3A) • Myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, Myogenin, MYF5, MYF6) • NEUROD1 • Twist • USF1 |
(1.3) bHLH-ZIP |
Myc • MITF • SREBP (1, 2) |
(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH) |
AP-2 |
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(2) Zinc finger DNA-binding domains |
(2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys4) |
subfamily 1 (Thyroid hormone (α, β), CAR, FXR, LXR (α, β), PPAR (α, β/δ, γ), PXR, RAR (α, β, γ), ROR (α, β, γ), Rev-ErbA (α, β), VDR) • subfamily 2 (COUP-TF (I, II), Ear-2, HNF4 (α, γ), PNR, RXR (α, β, γ), Testicular receptor (2, 4), TLX) • subfamily 3 (Steroid hormone (Estrogen (α, β), Estrogen related (α, β, γ), Androgen, Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, Progesterone)) • subfamily 4 NUR (NGFIB, NOR1, NURR1) • subfamily 5 (LRH-1, SF1) • subfamily 6 (GCNF) • subfamily 0 (DAX1, SHP) |
(2.2) Other Cys4 |
GATA (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
(2.3) Cys2His2 |
General transcription factors (TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH: 1, 2) • GLI-Krüppel family (1, 2, 3, YY1) • KLF (2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13) • Sp1 • zinc finger (3, 35, 43, 146, 148, 165, 217, 268, 281, 350) • Zbtb7 (7A) • ZBT (16, 17, 33) |
(2.4) Cys6 |
HIVEP1 |
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(3) Helix-turn-helix domains |
(3.1) Homeo domain |
ARX • Homeobox (A1, A3, A4, A5, A7, A9, A10, A11, A13, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B13, C4, C6, C8, C9, C13, D1, D3, D4, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13) • NANOG • NKX (2-1, 2-5, 3-1) • POU domain (PIT-1, BRN-3: 1, 2, Octamer transcription factor: 1, 2, 3/4, 6, 7) |
(3.2) Paired box |
PAX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) |
(3.3) Fork head / winged helix |
E2F (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) • FOX proteins (C1, C2, E1, G1, H1, L2, M1, N3, O3, O4, P1, P2, P3) |
(3.4) Heat Shock Factors |
HSF1 |
(3.5) Tryptophan clusters |
ELF (4, 5) • Interferon regulatory factors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • MYB |
(3.6) TEA domain |
transcriptional enhancer factor 1, 2 |
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(4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts |
(4.1) Rel homology region |
NF-κB (NFKB1, NFKB2, REL, RELA, RELB) • NFAT (5, C1, C2, C3, C4) |
(4.2) STAT |
STAT (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
(4.3) p53 |
p53 |
(4.4) MADS box |
Mef2 (A, B, C, D) • SRF |
(4.7) High mobility group |
HNF (1A, 1B) • LEF1 • SOX (3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 13, 18) • SRY • SSRP1 |
(4.10) Cold-shock domain |
CSDA |
(4.11) Runt |
CBF (RUNX1, RUNX2, RUNX3) |
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(0) Other transcription factors |
(0.2) HMGI(Y) |
HMGA (1, 2) |
(0.3) Pocket domain |
Rb • RBL1 • RBL2 |
(0.6) Miscellaneous |
ARID (1A, 1B, 2, 3A, 3B, 4A) • CAP • Rho/Sigma • R-SMAD |
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