| Myelin basic protein
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| Identifiers
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| Symbol(s)
| MBP; MGC99675
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| External IDs
| OMIM: 159430 MGI: 96925 Homologene: 1788
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| Gene Ontology
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| Molecular Function:
| • structural constituent of myelin sheath
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| Biological Process:
| • immune response
• synaptic transmission
• central nervous system development
• myelination
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| RNA expression pattern
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Additional recommended knowledge
More reference expression data
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| Orthologs
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| Human
| Mouse
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| Entrez
| 4155
| 17196
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| Ensembl
| ENSG00000197971
| ENSMUSG00000041607
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| Uniprot
| P02686
| P04370
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| Refseq
| NM_001025081 (mRNA)
NP_001020252 (protein)
| NM_001025245 (mRNA)
NP_001020416 (protein)
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| Location
| Chr 18: 72.82 - 72.97 Mb
| Chr 18: 82.61 - 82.72 Mb
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| Pubmed search
| [1]
| [2]
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Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a protein believed to be important in the process of myelination of nerves in the central nervous system (CNS).
MBP was initially sequenced in 1979 after isolation from myelin membranes [1]. Since that time, knockout mice deficient in MBP have been developed which showed decreased amounts of CNS myelination and a progressive disorder characterized by tremors, seizures, and early death. The gene for MBP is on chromosome 18; the protein localizes to the CNS and to various cells of the hematopoietic system.
The pool of MBP in the central nervous system is very diverse, with several splice variants being expressed and a large number of post-translational modifications on the protein, which include phosphorylation, methylation, deamidation and citrullination.
Role in disease
Interest in MBP has centered on its role in demyelinating diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis (MS). Several studies have shown a role for antibodies against MBP in the pathogenesis of MS [2]. Some studies have linked a genetic predisposition to MS to the MBP gene, though a majority have not.
References
- a Basic A1 protein of the myelin membrane: the complete amino acid sequence. J Biol Chem. 1971 Sep 25;246(18):5770-84; PubMed Free text - PDF (1.9MB)
- a Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jul 10;349(2):139-45; PubMed Free text after free registration
Further reading
- Boylan KB, Ayres TM, Popko B, et al. (1990). "Repetitive DNA (TGGA)n 5' to the human myelin basic protein gene: a new form of oligonucleotide repetitive sequence showing length polymorphism.". Genomics 6 (1): 16-22. PMID 1689270.
- Kishimoto A, Nishiyama K, Nakanishi H, et al. (1985). "Studies on the phosphorylation of myelin basic protein by protein kinase C and adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase.". J. Biol. Chem. 260 (23): 12492-9. PMID 2413024.
- Saxe DF, Takahashi N, Hood L, Simon MI (1985). "Localization of the human myelin basic protein gene (MBP) to region 18q22----qter by in situ hybridization.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 39 (4): 246-9. PMID 2414074.
- Kamholz J, de Ferra F, Puckett C, Lazzarini R (1986). "Identification of three forms of human myelin basic protein by cDNA cloning.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (13): 4962-6. PMID 2425357.
- Scoble HA, Whitaker JN, Biemann K (1986). "Analysis of the primary sequence of human myelin basic protein peptides 1-44 and 90-170 by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.". J. Neurochem. 47 (2): 614-6. PMID 2426402.
- Roth HJ, Kronquist K, Pretorius PJ, et al. (1986). "Isolation and characterization of a cDNA coding for a novel human 17.3K myelin basic protein (MBP) variant.". J. Neurosci. Res. 16 (1): 227-38. doi:10.1002/jnr.490160120. PMID 2427738.
- Popko B, Puckett C, Lai E, et al. (1987). "Myelin deficient mice: expression of myelin basic protein and generation of mice with varying levels of myelin.". Cell 48 (4): 713-21. PMID 2434243.
- Kamholz J, Spielman R, Gogolin K, et al. (1987). "The human myelin-basic-protein gene: chromosomal localization and RFLP analysis.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 40 (4): 365-73. PMID 2437795.
- Roth HJ, Kronquist KE, Kerlero de Rosbo N, et al. (1987). "Evidence for the expression of four myelin basic protein variants in the developing human spinal cord through cDNA cloning.". J. Neurosci. Res. 17 (4): 321-8. doi:10.1002/jnr.490170402. PMID 2442403.
- Shoji S, Ohnishi J, Funakoshi T, et al. (1988). "Phosphorylation sites of bovine brain myelin basic protein phosphorylated with Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase from rat brain.". J. Biochem. 102 (5): 1113-20. PMID 2449425.
- Wood DD, Moscarello MA (1989). "The isolation, characterization, and lipid-aggregating properties of a citrulline containing myelin basic protein.". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (9): 5121-7. PMID 2466844.
- Edwards AM, Ross NW, Ulmer JB, Braun PE (1989). "Interaction of myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein.". J. Neurosci. Res. 22 (1): 97-102. doi:10.1002/jnr.490220113. PMID 2467009.
- Streicher R, Stoffel W (1989). "The organization of the human myelin basic protein gene. Comparison with the mouse gene.". Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 370 (5): 503-10. PMID 2472816.
- Lennon VA, Wilks AV, Carnegie PR (1971). "Immunologic properties of the main encephalitogenic peptide from the basic protein of human myelin.". J. Immunol. 105 (5): 1223-30. PMID 4099924.
- Carnegie PR (1972). "Amino acid sequence of the encephalitogenic basic protein from human myelin.". Biochem. J. 123 (1): 57-67. PMID 4108501.
- Baldwin GS, Carnegie PR (1971). "Specific enzymic methylation of an arginine in the experimental allergic encephalomyelitis protein from human myelin.". Science 171 (971): 579-81. PMID 4924231.
- Baldwin GS, Carnegie PR (1972). "Isolation and partial characterization of methylated arginines from the encephalitogenic basic protein of myelin.". Biochem. J. 123 (1): 69-74. PMID 5128665.
- Wood DD, Vella GJ, Moscarello MA (1985). "Interaction between human myelin basic protein and lipophilin.". Neurochem. Res. 9 (10): 1523-31. PMID 6083474.
- Gibson BW, Gilliom RD, Whitaker JN, Biemann K (1984). "Amino acid sequence of human myelin basic protein peptide 45-89 as determined by mass spectrometry.". J. Biol. Chem. 259 (8): 5028-31. PMID 6201481.
- Pribyl TM, Campagnoni CW, Kampf K, et al. (1993). "The human myelin basic protein gene is included within a 179-kilobase transcription unit: expression in the immune and central nervous systems.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (22): 10695-9. PMID 7504278.
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