Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia

**Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia**
*Classification & external resources*
DiseasesDB	31904
eMedicine	med/1353

Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (also called lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis or LIP) is a syndrome secondary to autoimmune and other lymphoproliferative disorders. Symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia applies to a disorders associated with both, monoclonal or polyclonal gammopathy.^[1]

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Symptoms

In patients with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, these patients may present with lymphadenopathy, enlarged liver, enlarged spleen, enlarged salivary gland, thickening and widening of the extremities of the fingers and toes, and breathing symptoms such as shortness or breath and wheezing.

Diagnosis

Arterial blood gases may reveal hypoxemia when tested in a lab. Respiratory alkalosis may also be present.^[2] Peripheral lymphocytosis can be observed. ^[3]A lung biopsy may also be indicated.^[4]

Causes

Possible causes of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia include the Epstein-Barr virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Treatment

Patients presenting with no symptoms, and not affected by the syndrome may not require treatment. However, antibiotics are usually required for bacterial pulmonary infections. Bronchodilators may assist with breathing issues and resolution may occur with the use of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy. However, responses to different treatments are widely varied, and no single first line treatment represents the default treatment for lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia.^[5]

References

^ The Pathology of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias Carol Farver, MD
^ Teirstein AS, Rosen MJ. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Clin Chest Med 1988;9:467-471
^ Pitt J. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Pediatr Clin N Am 1991;38:89-95.
^ Strimlan CV, Rosenow EC, Weiland LH, Brown LR. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Review of 13 cases. Ann Intern Med 1978;88:616-621
^ Teirstein AS, Rosen MJ. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. Clin Chest Med 1988;9:467-471

v • d • e Pathology of respiratory system (J, 460–519)
Acute upper respiratory infections	Upper respiratory tract infection · Common cold · Rhinitis · Sinusitis · Pharyngitis (Strep throat) · Tonsillitis · Laryngitis · Tracheitis · Croup · Epiglottitis
Influenza and Pneumonia	Influenza · Pneumonia (Viral, Bacterial, Bronchopneumonia) · Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Other acute lower respiratory infections	Bronchitis (Acute, Chronic) · Bronchiolitis
Other diseases of upper respiratory tract	Vasomotor rhinitis · Hay fever · Atrophic rhinitis · Nasal polyp · Deviated septum · Adenoid hypertrophy · Peritonsillar abscess · Vocal fold nodule · Laryngospasm
Chronic lower respiratory diseases	Emphysema · COPD · Asthma · Status asthmaticus · Bronchiectasis
Lung diseases due to external agents	Pneumoconiosis (Coalworker's pneumoconiosis, Asbestosis, Silicosis, Bauxite fibrosis, Berylliosis, Siderosis) · Byssinosis · Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (Farmer's lung, Bird fancier's lung)
Other, principally affecting the interstitium	Acute respiratory distress syndrome · Pulmonary edema · Hamman-Rich syndrome · Interstitial lung disease
Suppurative and necrotic conditions of lower respiratory tract	Lung abscess · Pleural effusion · Empyema
Other	Pneumothorax · Hemothorax · Hemopneumothorax · Mendelson's syndrome · Respiratory failure · Atelectasis · Mediastinal emphysema · Mediastinitis
see also congenital (Q30–Q34, 748)

Category: Pneumonia

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Lymphocytic_interstitial_pneumonia". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.