Additional recommended knowledge
Genus Quercus
Section Quercus
The white oaks (synonym sect. Lepidobalanus). Europe, Asia, north Africa, North America. Styles short; acorns mature in 6 months, sweet or slightly bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless.
- Quercus alba - White Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus aliena - Oriental White Oak - eastern Asia
- Quercus arizonica - Arizona White Oak # - southwestern U.S., nw. Mexico
- Quercus austrina - Bluff Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus berberidifolia - California Scrub Oak - California
- Quercus bicolor - Swamp White Oak - eastern & midwestern North America
- Quercus boyntonii - Boynton's Post Oak - south central North America
- Quercus cerrioides - Roble cerrioide - Peninsula Iberica, Catalanas y Alto Aragón, Navarra y Mallorca.
- Quercus chapmannii - Chapmann Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus cornelius-mulleri - Muller Oak - southwestern North America
- Quercus copeyensis - Costa Rica, Panama
- Quercus depressipes - Davis Mountain Oak - Texas
- Quercus dilatata - Moru Oak - Himalaya
- Quercus douglasii - Blue Oak - California
- Quercus dumosa - Coastal Scrub Oak - southern California
- Quercus durata - Leather Oak - California
- Quercus engelmannii - Engelmann Oak # - southwestern California
- Quercus faginea - Portuguese oak - southwestern Europe
- Quercus fusiformis - Texas Live Oak or Plateau Live Oak - south central North America
- Quercus gambelii - Gambel Oak - southwestern North America
- Quercus garryana - Oregon White Oak or Garry Oak - western North America
- Quercus geminata - Sand Live Oak # - southeastern North America
- Quercus grisea - Gray Oak - south central North America
- Quercus havardii - Havard Oak, Shin Oak - south central North America
- Quercus hinckleyi - Hinckley Oak - Texas
- Quercus hondurensis - Honduras Oak # - Honduras
- Quercus ilex - Holly Oak or Holm Oak # - southern Europe, northwestern Africa
- Quercus intricata - Intricate Oak - Texas
- Quercus john-tuckeri - Tucker's Oak - southwestern North America
- Quercus laceyi - Lacey Oak - south central North America (Texas)
- Quercus lanata - Woolly-leaved Oak # - Himalaya
- Quercus leucotrichophora - Banj Oak # - Himalaya
- Quercus lobata - Valley Oak or California White Oak - California
- Quercus lyrata - Overcup Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus macrocarpa - Bur Oak - eastern and central North America
- Quercus mohriana - Mohr Oak - southwestern North America
- Quercus michauxii - Swamp Chestnut Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus minima - Dwarf Live Oak # - southeastern North America
- Quercus mongolica - Mongolian Oak - eastern Asia
- Quercus montana - Chestnut Oak - eastern North America (syn. Q. prinus)
- Quercus muhlenbergii - Chinkapin Oak - eastern, central, and southwestern US (West Texas and New Mexico), northern Mexico
- Quercus oblongifolia - Mexican Blue Oak # - southwestern U.S., nw. Mexico
- Quercus oglethorpensis - Oglethorpe Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus peduncularis - # - Central America
- Quercus petraea - Sessile Oak - Europe
- Quercus polymorpha - Monterrey Oak # - Mexico and extreme S. Texas
- Quercus prinoides - Dwarf Chinkapin Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus pubescens - Downy Oak - Europe
- Quercus pungens - Sandpaper Oak # - south central North America
- Quercus robur - Pedunculate Oak or English Oak - Europe, West Asia
- Quercus rugosa - Netleaf Oak # - southwestern U.S., nw. Mexico
- Quercus sadleriana - Sadler Oak, Deer Oak - sw. Oregon, northern California
- Quercus stellata - Post Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus toumeyi - Toumey Oak - southwest New Mexico
- Quercus turbinella - Desert Scrub Oak or Scrub Live Oak # - southwestern North America
- Quercus vaseyana - Vasey Oak - southwestern North America
- Quercus virginiana - Southern Live Oak # - southeastern North America
Section Mesobalanus
Europe, Asia, north Africa. Styles long; acorns mature in 6 months, bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless (closely related to sect. Quercus and sometimes included in it).
- Quercus canariensis - Mirbeck's Oak or Algerian Oak - North Africa & Spain
- Quercus dentata - Daimyo Oak - eastern Asia
- Quercus frainetto - Hungarian Oak - southeastern Europe
- Quercus macranthera - Caucasian Oak - western Asia
- Quercus pontica - Armenian Oak - western Asia
- Quercus pyrenaica - Pyrenean Oak - southwestern Europe
- Quercus vulcanica - Kasnak Oak - southwestern Asia
Section Cerris
Europe, Asia, north Africa. Styles long; acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless or slightly hairy.
- Quercus acutissima - Sawtooth Oak - eastern Asia
- Quercus alnifolia - Golden Oak - Cyprus
- Quercus calliprinos - Palestine Oak # - southwestern Asia
- Quercus castaneifolia - Chestnut-leaved Oak # - Caucasus, Iran (Persia)
- Quercus cerris - Turkey Oak - southern Europe, southwestern Asia
- Quercus coccifera - Kermes Oak # - southern Europe
- Quercus libani - Lebanon Oak - southwestern Asia
- Quercus macrolepis - Vallonea Oak - southwestern Asia
- Quercus semecarpifolia - Brown Oak or Kharshu Oak # - Himalaya
- Quercus suber - Cork Oak # - southwestern Europe, northwestern Africa
- Quercus trojana - Macedonian Oak - southeastern Europe
- Quercus variabilis - Chinese Cork Oak - eastern Asia
Section Protobalanus
The intermediate oaks. Southwest USA & northwest Mexico. Styles short, acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.
- Quercus cedrosensis - Cedros Island Oak # - Baja California
- Quercus chrysolepis - Canyon Live Oak # - southwestern North America
- Quercus palmeri - Palmer Oak # - sw. Oregon, California, western Arizona
- Quercus tomentella - Island Oak # - California offshore islands
- Quercus vaccinifolia - Huckleberry Oak # - southwestern North America
Section Lobatae
The red oaks (synonym sect. Erythrobalanus). North, Central & South America. Styles long, acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.
- Quercus acerifolia - Maple-leaved Oak or Mapleleaf Oak # - south central North America
- Quercus agrifolia - Coast Live Oak # - California, northern Baja California
- Quercus arkansana - Arkansas Oak - Southeastern North America
- Quercus buckleyi - Buckley Oak - southwestern North America
- Quercus canbyi - Canby Oak or Mexican Red Oak # - Mexico
- Quercus coccinea - Scarlet Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus costaricensis - Costa Rica, Panama
- Quercus cualensis - Mexico (Sierra Madre del Sur)
- Quercus depressa - Mexico
- Quercus eduardii - Mexico
- Quercus ellipsoidalis - Northern Pin Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus emoryi - Emory Oak - southwestern U.S., northern Mexico
- Quercus falcata - Southern Red Oak or Spanish Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus gravesii - Chisos Red Oak - Mexico, southwestern North America (Texas)
- Quercus graciliformis - # - Extreme SW North America
- Quercus georgiana - Georgia Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus hirtifolia - Mexico
- Quercus hintoniorum - Mexico
- Quercus humboldtii - South American Oak # - northern South America
- Quercus hypoleucoides - Silverleaf Oak # - southwestern North America
- Quercus hypoxantha - Mexico
- Quercus ilicifolia - Bear Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus iltisii - Southern Mexico
- Quercus imbricaria - Shingle Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus incana - Bluejack Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus inopina - # - southeastern North America
- Quercus kelloggii - California Black Oak - California, sw. Oregon
- Quercus laevis - American Turkey Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus laurifolia - Laurel Oak # - southeastern North America
- Quercus laurina - Mexico
- Quercus marilandica - Blackjack Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus myrtifolia - Myrtle Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus nigra - Water Oak # - eastern North America
- Quercus palustris - Pin Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus parvula - Island Scrub Oak - California offshore islands
- Quercus phellos - Willow Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus pumila - Runner Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus rhysophylla - Loquat-leaf Oak # - Mexico
- Quercus rubra - Northern Red Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus salicifolia - Mexico
- Quercus sapotaefolia - # - Central America
- Quercus shumardii - Shumard Oak - southeastern North America
- Quercus tardifolia - Lateleaf Oak - Extreme s. Texas
- Quercus texana - Nuttall's Oak - south central North America
- Quercus velutina - Black Oak or Eastern Black Oak or Dyer's Oak - eastern North America
- Quercus wislizenii - Interior Live Oak # - California
- Quercus xalapensis - Mexico
Notes
# Species with evergreen foliage ("live oaks") are tagged #. Note that the change from deciduous to evergreen character (or vice-versa) has evolved on numerous occasions in Quercus, and does not necessarily indicate that the species concerned are closely related.
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