Johann Friedrich Gmelin

Johann Friedrich Gmelin (August 8, 1748–November 1, 1804) was a German naturalist, botanist and entomologist.

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Background

Johann Friedrich Gmelin was born as the eldest son of Philipp Friedrich Gmelin in 1748 in Tübingen. He studied medicine at University of Tübingen and graduated with an M.D. in 1769. He became an adjunct professor of medicine at University of Tübingen. In 1773 he became professor of philosophy and adjunct professor of medicine at University of Göttingen. He was promoted to full professor of medicine and professor of chemistry, botany and mineralogy in 1778. He died in 1804 in Göttingen.

Johann Friedrich Gmelin published several textbooks in the fields of chemistry, pharmaceutical science, mineralogy and botany. He also published the 13th edition of Systema Naturae by Carolus Linnaeus in 1788.

Legacy

The Artemisia plant Gmelin's Wormwood or Artemisia gmelinii is named after him.

Among his students were Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt, Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer, Friedrich Stromeyer and Wilhelm August Lampadius. He was the father of Leopold Gmelin.

Publications

• Allgemeine Geschichte der Gifte, Two Volumes, 1776/1777
• Allgemeine Geschichte der Pflanzengifte, 1777
• Allgemeine Geschichte der mineralischen Gifte, 1777
• Einleitung in die Chemie, 1780
• Beyträge zur Geschichte des teutschen Bergbaus, 1783
• Ueber die neuere Entdeckungen in der Lehre von der Luft, und deren Anwendung auf Arzneikunst, 1784
• Grundsätze der technischen Chemie, 1786
• Grundriß der Pharmazie, 1792
• Geschichte der Chemie, 1799
• Allgemeine Geschichte der thierischen und mineralischen Gifte, 1806

References

• Vane-Wright, R. I., 1975. The butterflies named by J. F. Gmelin(Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera).Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History),Entomology, 32: 17-64.