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Iodine pentafluoride

Iodine pentafluoride


IUPAC name	iodine(V) fluoride
Other names	iodine pentafluoride
Identifiers
CAS number	7783-66-6
Properties
Molecular formula	IF₅
Molar mass	221.89 g mol⁻¹
Appearance	pale yellow liquid
Density	3.250 g cm⁻³ liquid
Melting point	9.43°C (282.58 K)
Boiling point	97.85°C (371.00 K)
Solubility in water	? g/100 ml (?°C)
Viscosity	? cP at ?°C
Structure
Crystal structure	monoclinic point group C2/c
Coordination geometry	tetragonal-pyramidal
Molecular shape	tetragonal-pyramidal^[1]
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	toxic, oxidizer, corrosive
Related Compounds
Related compounds	Iodine heptafluoride, Chlorine pentafluoride, Bromine pentafluoride
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Iodine pentafluoride, IF₅, is a fluoride of iodine. It is a colourless or yellow liquid with a density of 3250 kg m⁻³. It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan in 1891 by burning solid iodine in fluorine gas.^[2] This exothermic reaction is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.^[3]^[4]

Additional recommended knowledge

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I₂ + 5 F₂ → 2 IF₅

Chemistry

Iodine pentafluoride is a strong fluorination agent and is highly oxidative. It reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acid.

Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.^[5]

R-CH₂-NH₂ → R-CN

References

^ R. D. Durbank, G. R. Jones (1974). "Crystal structure of iodine pentafluoride at -80.deg.". Inorganic Chemistry 13 (5): 421-439. doi:10.1021/ic50135a012.
^ M. H. Moissan (1891). "Nouvelles Recherches sur le Fluor". Annales de chimie et de physique 6: 224-282.
^ Otto Ruff , Keim R. (1930). ""Das Jod-7-fluorid" (The iodine-7-fluoride)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie 193 (1/2): 176-186. doi:10.1002/zaac.19301930117.
^ Ruff O., Keim R. (1931). "Fluorierung von Verbindungen des Kohlenstoffs (Benzol und Tetrachlormethan mit Jod-5-fluorid, sowie Tetrachlormethan mit Fluor)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie 201 (1): 245 - 258. doi:10.1002/zaac.19312010122.
^ T. E. Stevens (1966). "Rearrangement of Amides with Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of Organic Chemistry 31 (6): 2025 - 2026. doi:10.1021/jo01344a539.

R. C. Lord, M. A. Lynch, W. C. Schumb, and E. J. Slowinski (1950). "The Vibrational Spectra and Structures of Iodine Pentafluoride and Heptafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society 72 (1): 522 - 527. doi:10.1021/ja01157a135.
Max T. Rogers, John L. Speirs, H. Bradford Thompson, and Morton B. Panish (1954). "Iodine Pentafluoride, Freezing and Boiling Point, Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relations". Journal of the American Chemical Society 76 (19): 4843 - 4844. doi:10.1021/ja01648a022.
Max T. Rogers, H. Bradford Thompson, and John L. Speirs (1954). "Dielectric Constants of Liquid Chlorine Trifluoride and Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society 76 (19): 4843 - 4844.
Harold Simmons Booth, John Turner Pinkston, , Jr. (1947). "The Halogen Fluorides.". Chemical Reviews 41 (3): 421-439. doi:10.1021/cr60130a001.

Category: Iodine compounds

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Iodine_pentafluoride". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.