Iodine pentafluoride
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IUPAC name
| iodine(V) fluoride
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Other names
| iodine pentafluoride
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Identifiers
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CAS number
| 7783-66-6
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Properties
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Molecular formula
| IF5
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Molar mass
| 221.89 g mol−1
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Appearance
| pale yellow liquid
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Density
| 3.250 g cm−3 liquid
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Melting point
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9.43°C (282.58 K)
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Boiling point
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97.85°C (371.00 K)
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Solubility in water
| ? g/100 ml (?°C)
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Viscosity
| ? cP at ?°C
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Structure
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Crystal structure
| monoclinic point group C2/c
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Coordination geometry
| tetragonal-pyramidal
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Molecular shape
| tetragonal-pyramidal[1]
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Hazards
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MSDS
| External MSDS
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Main hazards
| toxic, oxidizer, corrosive
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Related Compounds
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Related compounds
| Iodine heptafluoride, Chlorine pentafluoride, Bromine pentafluoride
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references
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Iodine pentafluoride, IF5, is a fluoride of iodine. It is a colourless or yellow liquid with a density of 3250 kg m−3. It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan in 1891 by burning solid iodine in fluorine gas.[2] This exothermic reaction is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.[3][4]
Additional recommended knowledge
I2 + 5 F2 → 2 IF5
Chemistry
Iodine pentafluoride is a strong fluorination agent and is highly oxidative. It reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acid.
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.[5]
R-CH2-NH2 → R-CN
References
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R. D. Durbank, G. R. Jones (1974). "Crystal structure of iodine pentafluoride at -80.deg.". Inorganic Chemistry 13 (5): 421-439. doi:10.1021/ic50135a012.
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M. H. Moissan (1891). "Nouvelles Recherches sur le Fluor". Annales de chimie et de physique 6: 224-282.
- ^ Otto Ruff , Keim R. (1930). ""Das Jod-7-fluorid" (The iodine-7-fluoride)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie 193 (1/2): 176-186. doi:10.1002/zaac.19301930117.
- ^ Ruff O., Keim R. (1931). "Fluorierung von Verbindungen des Kohlenstoffs (Benzol und Tetrachlormethan mit Jod-5-fluorid, sowie Tetrachlormethan mit Fluor)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie 201 (1): 245 - 258. doi:10.1002/zaac.19312010122.
- ^ T. E. Stevens (1966). "Rearrangement of Amides with Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of Organic Chemistry 31 (6): 2025 - 2026. doi:10.1021/jo01344a539.
- R. C. Lord, M. A. Lynch, W. C. Schumb, and E. J. Slowinski (1950). "The Vibrational Spectra and Structures of Iodine Pentafluoride and Heptafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society 72 (1): 522 - 527. doi:10.1021/ja01157a135.
- Max T. Rogers, John L. Speirs, H. Bradford Thompson, and Morton B. Panish (1954). "Iodine Pentafluoride, Freezing and Boiling Point, Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relations". Journal of the American Chemical Society 76 (19): 4843 - 4844. doi:10.1021/ja01648a022.
- Max T. Rogers, H. Bradford Thompson, and John L. Speirs (1954). "Dielectric Constants of Liquid Chlorine Trifluoride and Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society 76 (19): 4843 - 4844.
- Harold Simmons Booth, John Turner Pinkston, , Jr. (1947). "The Halogen Fluorides.". Chemical Reviews 41 (3): 421-439. doi:10.1021/cr60130a001.
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