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HLA-A2
HLA-A2 (A2) is an HLA-A serotype. The serotype identifies the gene products of many HLA-A*02 alleles, including HLA-A*0201, *0202, *0203, *0206, and *0207 gene products. A*02 is globally common, but A*0201 is at high frequencies in Northern Asia and North America. A2 is the most diverse serotye, showing diversity in Eastern Africa and Southwest Asia. While the frequency of A*0201 in Northern Asia is high, its diversity is limited to A*0201 the less common Asian variants A*0203, A*0206. Additional recommended knowledge
Serotype
The serotyping for the most abundant A*02 alleles is good. For A*0203, A*0206, A*0207 serotyping is borderline useful. There is a separate serotyping for A203 and A210. There are over 125 alleles identified (mostly by sequence homology) as being A2, of those 8 are nulls, and a large majority have unknown serotypes.
Disease AssociationsBy serotypeA2 Associated with spontaneous abortion in A2+/A[other] phenotypic children[2] By haplotypeA*02:Cw*16 is associated with increased higher viral load in HIV[3] A2-B HaplotypesA2-B7 (Node in Netherlands) A2-B5
A2-B8
A2-B15
A2-B16
A2-B18
A2-Cw5-B44
A2-Cw5-B44 is the multi-serotype designation for the haplotype HLA-A*0201:C*0501:B*4402, the class I portion, of an ancetral haplotype (A2-B44-DR4-DQ8). The full haplotype is (for relative distances see Human leukocyte antigens: A*0201 : C*0501 : B*4402 : DRB1*0401 : DQA1*0301 : DQB1*0302 Another haplotype that is more common in Central Europe is the (A2-B44-DR7-DQ2) A*0201 : C*0501 : B*4402 : DRB1*0701 : DQA1*0201 : DQB1*0202 Over northwestern Europe A2-B44 shows a single common ancestor which contributed the Cw5 allele to the haplotype. The haplotype appears to have been introduced early in European prehistoric period, frequencies of the haplotype generally correlate with A1-Cw7-B8 and A2-B7. The haplotype is considerably more equilibrated relative to A1-B8 and a possible reason is gene flow from iberia or the east with related haplotypes after initial migrations. References
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "HLA-A2". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |