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Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia is an extremely rare disorder of the blood, in which the platelets lack glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. Hence, no fibrinogen bridging can occur, and bleeding time is significantly prolonged. Additional recommended knowledge
PathophysiologyThe GpIIb/IIIa is an adhesion receptor and is expressed in thrombocytes. This receptor is activated when the thrombocyte is stimulated by ADP, epinephrine, collagen and thrombin. The GpIIb/IIIa integrin is essential to the blood coagulation since it has the ability to bind fibrinogen, the von Willebrand factor, fibronectin and vitronectin. This enables the platelet to be activated by contact with the collagen-von Willebrand-complex that is exposed when the endothelial blood vessel lining is damaged and then aggregate with other thrombocytes via fibrinogen. Patients suffering from Glanzmann's thrombasthenia thus have platelets less able to adhere to each other and to the underlying tissue of damaged blood vessels. The understanding of its pathophysiology led to the development of GpIIb/IIIa inhibitors, a class of powerful antiplatelet agents.[1] EtiologyGlanzmann's thrombasthenia can be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner[1] or acquired as an autoimmune disorder.[2] Clinical FeaturesCharacteristically, there is increased mucosal bleeding:
The bleeding tendency is variable but may be severe. Patients present with moderate bleeding and normal platelet morphology. Aggregation of platelets occurs in response to ristocetin, but not to other agonists such as ADP, thrombin, collagen or adrenalin. EponymIt is named for Eduard Glanzmann.[3][4] References
See alsoCategories: Genetic disorders | Blood disorders | Rare diseases |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Glanzmann's_thrombasthenia". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |