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Fertility medicationFertility medication may in a larger sense include any medication that enhances fertility. It is a variant of assisted reproductive technology. Almost all concern female infertility, and therefore, in a specific sense, fertility medication is almost synonymous with agents that stimulate follicle development of the ovary. For males, on the other hand, there is a very sparse arsenal of fertility medication. Agents that enhance ovarian activity can be classified as either Gonadotropin releasing hormone, Estrogen antagonists or Gonadotropins. Additional recommended knowledge
FemaleGonadotropin releasing hormoneEither Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) itself or any of its agonist may be used. GnRH releases gonadotropins from the hypothalamus in the body. GnRH agonists includes i.e. Lupron. Estrogen antagonistsFertility medication inhibiting the effects of estrogen includes Clomiphene citrate and Aromatase inhibitors. Clomiphene citrateClomiphene citrate is a SERM. It inhibits the negative feedback of estrogen and therefore stimulates ovulation. Aromatase inhibitorsAlthough primarily a breast cancer treatment, aromatase inhibitors can also work as fertility medication, probably by a mechanism similar to clomiphene citrate. GonadotropinsGonadotropins are the hormones in the body that normally stimulate the gonads (testes and ovaries). For medication, they can be extracted from urine or by genetic modification. MenotropinsMenotropins are urinary gonadotropins, i.e. they are extracted from the urine. Recombinant gonadotropinsRecombinant gonadotropins are gonadotropins created by inserting the DNA coding it into bacteriae. The bacterial DNA is then called Recombinant DNA. Examples of recombinant FSH are Follistim and Gonal F, while Luveris is a recombinant LH. Human chorionic gonadotropinHuman chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is normally produced during pregnancy. However, it can also replace LH as a fertility medication. OtherhMG is a medication containing FSH.[1] MaleThere is no effective medication to treat oligospermia[2], so other assisted reproductive technology need to be used. ProXeed is a medication claimed by the manufactors[3] to enhance sperm count, and thus to be a treatment of oligospermia. However, there is little rational basis for such an effect[2]. Adverse effectsEstrogen antagonists and gonadotropins may stimulate multiple follicles and other ovarian hormones leading to multiple birth and possible ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. See alsoManufacturers:
ReferencesCategories: Fertility medicine | Drugs | Hormonal agents |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Fertility_medication". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |