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Docosanol
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Systematic (IUPAC) name
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docosan-1-ol
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Identifiers
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CAS number
| 661-19-8
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ATC code
| D06BB11
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PubChem
| 12620
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DrugBank
| APRD00933
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Chemical data
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Formula | C22H46O
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Mol. mass | 326.6 g/mol
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SMILES
| search in eMolecules, PubChem
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Synonyms
| 1-Docosanol, n-docosanol, docosyl alcohol, behenic alcohol, behenyl alcohol, Cachalot BE-22, Dehydag wax 22 (lanette), Emery 3304, Loxiol VPG 1451
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Physical data
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Melt. point
| 71 °C (160 °F)
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Boiling point
| 180 °C (356 °F)
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Pharmacokinetic data
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Bioavailability | Not absorbed
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Metabolism | N/A
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Half life | N/A
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Excretion | ?
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Therapeutic considerations
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Pregnancy cat.
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B(US)
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Legal status
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OTC(US)
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Routes
| Topical
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Docosanol, also known as behenyl alcohol, is a saturated fatty alcohol used mainly as an antiviral agent, specifically for treatment of "cold sores" caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is normally administered topically in a cream containing a base and a 10% mix of the active ingredient.
Additional recommended knowledge
It functions by inhibiting the fusion of the human host cell with the viral envelope of the herpes virus, thus preventing its replication.
Docosanol was approved for use after clinical trials by the FDA in July 2000.[1]
Marketed by Avanir Pharmaceuticals under the brand name Abreva, it was the first over-the-counter antiviral drug approved for sale in the United States and Canada. In March, 2007 it was the subject of a US nationwide class-action suit against Avanir and GlaxoSmithKline as the claim that it cut recovery times in half was found to have been misleading in a California court.[2]
See also
References
- ^ Drug Name: ABREVA (docosanol) - approval. centerwatch.com (July 2000). Retrieved on 2007-10-17.
- ^ California Court Upholds Settlement Of Class Action Over Cold Sore Medicationl. BNA Inc. (July 2000). Retrieved on 2007-10-17.
Alcohols |
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(0°) | Methanol |
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Primary alcohols (1°) | Ethanol · Propan-1-ol · Butanol · Isobutanol · 1-Pentanol · 1-Hexanol · 1-Heptanol · Octanol · Nonanol · Decanol · Undecanol · Dodecanol · 1-Tetradecanol · Cetyl alcohol · Stearyl alcohol · Arachidyl alcohol · Docosanol · Octanosol · Triacontanol |
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Secondary alcohols (2°) | Isopropyl alcohol · 2-Butanol · 2-Hexanol |
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Tertiary alcohols (3°) | tert-Butanol |
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Antivirals, other than for HIV (primarily J05, also S01AD and D06BB) |
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Anti-herpesvirus (DNA, I) | guanine analogues (Aciclovir, Famciclovir, Ganciclovir, Penciclovir, Valaciclovir, Valganciclovir) • nucleoside analogues (Idoxuridine, Trifluridine, Vidarabine) • Cidofovir • Docosanol • Fomivirsen • Foscarnet • Tromantadine |
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HPV/MC (DNA, I) | Imiquimod • Podophyllotoxin |
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Hepatitis B (DNA, VII) | Adefovir dipivoxil • Interferon alfa-2b • Pegylated interferon alfa-2a • Lamivudine • Entecavir • Telbivudine • Tenofovir† |
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Hepatitis C (RNA, IV) | Ribavirin • Taribavirin |
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Picornavirus (RNA, IV) | Pleconaril |
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Anti-influenza agents (RNA, V) | Arbidol
adamantane derivatives/M2 inhibitors (Amantadine, Rimantadine)
neuraminidase inhibitors (Oseltamivir, Peramivir†, Zanamivir) |
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HIV (Reverse, VI) | See HIV pharm |
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Other antiviral agents | general (Inosine, Interferon) |
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†Undergoing clinical trials, not FDA approved. |
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