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Diacetyldihydromorphine



Diacetyldihydromorphine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(5α,6α)-7,8-Dihydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diacetate
Identifiers
CAS number 509-71-7
ATC code  ?
PubChem 5359460
Chemical data
Formula C21H25NO5 
Mol. mass 371.427 g/mol
Synonyms Diacetyldihydromorphine, Paralaudin, Dihydroheroin
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Metabolism  ?
Half life  ?
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

?

Legal status

Schedule I(US)

Routes Intravenous

Diacetyldihydromorphine (Paralaudin, Dihydroheroin) is a potent opiate derivative developed in Germany in 1929 which is rarely used in some countries for the treatment of severe pain such as that caused by terminal cancer, as a more potent form of diamorphine (Heroin). Paralaudin is fast acting and longer lasting than diamorphine (heroin), with a duration of action of around 4-7 hours.

Diacetyldihydromorphine is quickly metabolised by plasma esterase enzymes into dihydromorphine, in the same way that diacetylmorphine (heroin) is metabolised into morphine; however unlike dihydromorphine, which is more potent than morphine as an analgesic, diacetyldihydromorphine is actually less potent than diamorphine, perhaps because it is metabolised more slowly. Diacetyldihydromorphine is approximately equipotent to morphine whereas diamorphine is twice the potency of morphine.[1] It shares with other opioids the risk of overdose or (potentially life-threatening) respiratory depression. When strong opioids are required it is more common to use better known drugs such as nicomorphine, oxymorphone or fentanyl which doctors will be more familiar with, and which do not share the stigma associated with heroin. Side effects are similar to those of other opiates and include itching, nausea and constipation.


References

  1. ^ http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/133/3/388
v • d • e
Opioids
Opiate derivatives

6-Methyldihydromorphine • 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine • 14-Methoxymetopon • Acetylcodeine • Acetyldihydrocodeine • Acetyldihydrocodeinone • Acetylmorphone • Benzylmorphine • β-4-morpholinylethylmorphine • Codeine • Codeine-N-Oxide • Codeinone • Codoxime • Desomorphine • Diacetyldihydromorphine • Dihydrocodeine • Dihydrocodeinone enol acetate • Dihydrohydroxycodeinone • Dihydrodesoxymorphine • Dihydroheroin • Dihydroisocodeine • Dihydromorphine • Dipropanoylmorphine • Ethylmorphine • Heroin (Diamorphine) • Heterocodeine • Hydrocodone • Hydromorphinol • Hydromorphone • Laudanum • Methyldesorphine • Methyldihydromorphine • Methylnaltrexone • Metopon • Monoacetylmorphine • Morphine-N-Oxide • Morphine • Morphinone • Morphine-6-glucuronide • Myrophine • Nalbuphine • Nalmefene • Nalorphine • Naloxone • Naltrexone • Naltrindole • Nicocodeine • Nicodicodeine • Nicomorphine • Norcodeine • Normorphine • Omnopon • Opium • Oripavine • Oxycodone • Oxymorphone • Pantopon • Papaveretum • Paregoric • Pholcodeine • Pseudomorphine • Poppy Straw • Poppy Tea • Semorphone • Tetrapon • Thebacon • Thebaine

Morphinans

Butorphanol • Cyclorphan • Dextro-3-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan • Dextrorphan • Drotebanol • Levargorphan • Levallorphan • Levorphanol • Levorphan • Levophenacylmorphan • Levomethorphan • Norlevorphanol • Oxilorphan • Phenomorphan • Racemethorphan • Racemorphan

Benzomorphans

Bremazocine • Cyclazocine • Dezocine • Ethylketocyclazocine • Ketazocine • Metazocine • Pentazocine • Phenazocine

4-Phenylpiperidines
Pethidines (Meperidines)

Anileridine • Benzethidine • Carperidine • Difenoxin • Diphenoxylate • Etoxeridine (Carbetidine) • Furethidine • Hydroxypethidine (Bemidone) • Morpheridine • Oxpheneridine (Carbamethidine) • Pethidine (Meperidine) • Pethidine Intermediate A • Pethidine Intermediate B (Norpethidine) • Pethidine Intermediate C (Pethidinic Acid) • Pheneridine • Phenoperidine • Piminodine • Properidine (Ipropethidine) • Sameridine • WIN-7681

Prodines

Allylprodine • α-meprodine • α-prodine • β-meprodine • β-prodine • Meprodine • MPPP • PEPAP • Prodine • Prosidol • Trimeperidine

Ketobemidones

Acetoxyketobemidone • Ketobemidone • Methylketobemidone • Propylketobemidone

Others Alvimopan • Loperamide • Picenadol
Open Chain Opioids
Amidones

Dextromethadone • Dipipanone • Isomethadone • Levomethadone • Methadone • Methadone Intermediate • Norpipanone • Phenadoxone  (Heptazone) • Pipidone

Methadols

Acetylmethadol • α-methadol • α-acetylmethadol • β-methadol • β-acetylmethadol • Dimepheptanol • Levo-α-acetylmethadol • Noracymethadol

Moramides

Dextromoramide • Levomoramide • Moramide Intermediate • Racemoramide

Thiambutenes

Diethylthiambutene • Dimethylthiambutene • Ethylmethylthiambutene

Phenalkoxams

Dextropropoxyphene • Dimenoxadol • Dioxaphetyl Butyrate • Levopropoxyphene • Propoxyphene

Ampromides

Diampromide • Phenampromide • Propiram

Others Lefetamine
Anilidopiperidines

3-allylfentanyl • 3-methylfentanyl • 3-methylthiofentanyl • Alfentanil • α-methylacetylfentanyl • α-methylfentanyl • α-methylthiofentanyl • Benzylfentanyl • β-hydroxyfentanyl • β-hydroxythiofentanyl • β-methylfentanyl • Brifentanil • Carfentanil • Fentanyl • Lofentanil • Ohmefentanyl • Parafluorofentanyl • Phenaridine • Remifentanil • Sufentanil • Thenylfentanyl • Thiofentanyl • Trefentanil

Oripavine derivatives

7-PET • Acetorphine • Alletorphine • Buprenorphine • Cyprenorphine • Dihydroetorphine • Diprenorphine • Etorphine • N-cyclopropyl-methylnoretorphine

Phenazepines

Ethoheptazine • Meptazinol • Metheptazine • Metethoheptazine • Proheptazine

Pirinitramides

Bezitramide • Piritramide

Benzimidazoles

Clonitazene • Etonitazene

Others

Ciramadol • Faxeladol • Herkinorin • Methopholine • Narcotine • O-Desmethyltramadol • SNC-80 • Tapentadol • Tilidine • Tramadol • Zipeprol

 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Diacetyldihydromorphine". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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