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DextrorphanDextrorphan (DXO) is a pharmacologically active metabolite of dextromethorphan (DXM).
ChemistryIt is the result of O-demethylation of the prodrug by several enzymatic systems, although it is chiefly a product of the Cytochrome P450 IID6 (CYP2D6) pathway. PharmacologyDextrorphan is structurally similar to dextromethorphan, and has an affinity for the same receptors in the central nervous system, although with a slight difference in selectivity. While dextromethorphan is a weak non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, dextrorphan is a more potent antagonist[1]. It should be noted, however, that due to its potency as an NMDA receptor antagonist, as well as the fact that it is produced as a by-product of DXM metabolization in the body, DXO is thought to be largely responsible for the psychological side-effects that occur at high doses of DXM. These side-effects can include alteration of consciousness, or "cognitive dissociation", which are characteristic of NMDA blockade and which have afforded DXM its potential for use as a recreational drug. See also
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Dextrorphan". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |