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Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase



cytochrome P450, family 7, subfamily A, polypeptide 1
Identifiers
Symbol CYP7A1
Alt. Symbols CYP7
Entrez 1581
HUGO 2651
OMIM 118455
RefSeq NM_000780
UniProt P22680
Other data
EC number 1.14.13.17
Locus Chr. 8 q11-q12

Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of bile acid from cholesterol, catalyzing the formation of 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol.

It is downregulated by Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP) when plasma cholesterol levels are low. It is upregulated by the nuclear receptor LXR (liver X receptor) when cholesterol (specifically - oxysterol) levels are high.[1] The effect of this upregulation is to increase the production of bile acids and reduce the level of cholesterol in hepatocytes.

References

  1. ^ Chawla A, Saez E, Evans RM (2000). "Don't know much bile-ology". Cell 103: 1–4.
v • d • e
Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)
1.14.11 - 2-oxoglutarateProlyl hydroxylase - Lysyl hydroxylase
1.14.13 - NADH or NADPHFlavin-containing monooxygenase - Nitric oxide synthase - Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase - Methane monooxygenase - 3A4 -51A1
1.14.14 - reduced flavin or flavoprotein19A1 - 2D6 - 2E1
1.14.15 - reduced iron-sulfur protein11B1 - 11B2 - 11A1
1.14.16 - reduced pteridinePhenylalanine hydroxylase - Tyrosine hydroxylase - Tryptophan hydroxylase
1.14.17 - reduced ascorbateDopamine beta hydroxylase
1.14.18-19 - otherTyrosinase - Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1
1.14.99 - miscellaneousCyclooxygenase - Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) - Squalene monooxygenase - 17A1 - 21A2
v • d • e
Cytochromes, oxygenases: cytochrome P450 (EC 1.14)
CYP1A1, A2, B1
CYP2A6, A7, A13, B6, C8, C9, C18, C19, D6, E1, F1, J2, R1, S1, U1, W1
CYP3A4, A5, A7, A43
CYP4A11, A22, B1, F2, F3, F8, F11, F12, F22, V2, X1, Z1
CYP5-20CYP5 (A1) - CYP7 (A1, B1) - CYP8 (A1, B1) - CYP11 (A1, B1, B2) - CYP17 (A1) - CYP19 (A1) - CYP20 (A1)
CYP21-51CYP21 (A2) - CYP24 (A1) - CYP26 (A1, B1, C1) - CYP27 (A1, B1, C1) - CYP39 (A1) - CYP46 (A1) - CYP51 (A1)
v • d • e
Metabolism: lipid metabolism
Lipid productionAcetyl-CoA carboxylase - Fatty acid synthesis: Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase - Β-Ketoacyl ACP reductase - 3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase - Enoyl ACP reductase
unsaturated (Enoyl CoA isomerase, 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase) - odd chain (Propionyl-CoA carboxylase) - Fatty acid synthase - Long fatty acyl CoA synthetase
Lipid degradationAcyl transport: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I - Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase - Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II
Beta oxidation: Acyl CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL, ACADM, ACADS, ACADVL) - Enoyl-CoA hydratase - 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase - Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase - Mitochondrial trifunctional protein
Ketogenesis: HMG-CoA synthase - HMG-CoA lyase - Other: Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
PhospholipidsDiacylglycerol kinase
SteroidsHMG-CoA reductase - Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase - Squalene monooxygenase - Lanosterol synthase - CYP51A1
ProstanoidsCyclooxygenase - Thromboxane-A synthase - Prostacyclin synthase - Prostaglandin E synthase - Prostaglandin D2 synthase
LeukotrienesArachidonate 5-lipoxygenase - 5-Lipoxygenase activating protein - Leukotriene A4 hydrolase - Leukotriene C4 synthase
Bile acidsCholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Cholesterol_7_alpha-hydroxylase". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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