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Boutonneuse fever

**Boutonneuse fever**
*Classification & external resources*
ICD-10	A77.1
ICD-9	082.1
DiseasesDB	31780
MeSH	D001907

Boutonneuse fever (also called Mediterranean spotted fever, fièvre boutonneuse, or Marseilles fever) is a fever as a result of a Rickettsial infection caused by the bacterium Rickettsia conorii and transmitted by the dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Boutonneuse fever is endemic in many countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.

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1 Presentation
2 Diagnosis
3 Treatment
4 See also

Presentation

After an incubation period of around seven days, the disease manifests abruptly with chills, high fevers, muscular and articular pains, severe headache and photophobia. The location of the bite forms a black crust (tache noire). Around the fourth day of the illness an exanthem (widespread rash) appears, first macular and then maculopapular and sometimes petechial.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis is made with serologic methods, either the classic Weill Felix test (agglutination of Proteus OX strains ), either ELISA or immunofluorescence assays.

Treatment

The illness is treated with chloramphenicol or doxycycline.

v • d • e Bacterial diseases (primarily A00-A79, 001-041,080-109)
G+/Firmicutes	Clostridium (Pseudomembranous colitis, Botulism, Tetanus, Gas gangrene) - Streptococcus A and B (Scarlet fever, Erysipelas) - Staphylococcus (Toxic shock syndrome) - Bacilli (Anthrax, Listeriosis)
G+/Actinobacteria	Mycobacterium: Tuberculosis (Ghon focus, Ghon's complex, Tuberculous meningitis, Pott's disease, Scrofula, Bazin disease, Lupus vulgaris, Miliary tuberculosis) - Leprosy - Lady Windermere syndrome - Buruli ulcer - Actinomycetales: Actinomycosis - Nocardiosis - Diphtheria - Erythrasma
G-/Spirochetal	Syphilis (Bejel) - Yaws - Pinta - Relapsing fever - Noma - Trench mouth - Lyme disease - Rat-bite fever (Sodoku) - Leptospirosis
G-/Chlamydiae	Chlamydophila (Psittacosis) - Chlamydia (Chlamydia, Lymphogranuloma venereum, Trachoma)
G-/α Proteobacteria	Rickettsioses (Typhus, Scrub typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Boutonneuse fever, Q fever, Trench fever, Rickettsialpox) - Brucellosis - Cat scratch fever Bartonellosis (Bacillary angiomatosis)
G-/β&γ Proteobacteria	Salmonella (Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, Salmonellosis) - other intestinal (Cholera, Shigellosis) - Zoonotic (Bubonic plague, Tularemia, Glanders, Melioidosis, Pasteurellosis) - Other: Pertussis - Meningococcus (Meningococcemia, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) - Legionellosis - Brazilian purpuric fever - Chancroid - Donovanosis - Gonorrhea