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BBCH-scale (stone fruit)



The BBCH-scale (stone) identifies the phenological development stages of stone fruit (cherry = Prunus cerasus, plum = Prunus domestica ssp. domestica, peach = Prunus persica, apricot = Prunus ameriaca). It is a plant species specific version of the BBCH-scale.

Phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of stone fruit
Code Description
Principal growth stage 0: Sprouting/Bud development
00 Dormancy: leaf buds and the thicker inflorescence buds closed and covered by dark brown scales
01 Beginning of bud swelling (leaf buds); light brown scales visible, scales with light coloured edges
03 End of leaf bud swelling: scales separated, light green bud sections visible
09 Green leaf tips visible: brown scales fallen, buds enclosed by light green scales
Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development
10 First leaves separating: green scales slightly open, leaves emerging
11 First leaves unfolded, axis of developing shoot visible
19 First leaves fully expanded
Principal growth stage 3: Shoot development1
31 Beginning of shoot growth: axes of developing shoots visible
32 Shoots about 20% of final length
33 Shoots about 30% of final length
3 . Stages continuous till . . .
39 Shoots about 90% of final length
Principal growth stage 5: Inflorescence emergence
51 Inflorescence buds swelling: buds closed, light brown scales visible
53 Bud burst: scales separated, light green bud sections visible
54 Inflorescence enclosed by light green scales, if such scales are formed (not all cultivars)
55 Single flower buds visible (still closed) borne on short stalks, green scales slightly open
56 Flower pedicel elongating; sepals closed; single flowers separating
57 Sepals open: petal tips visible; single flowers with white or pink petals (still closed)
59 Most flowers with petals forming a hollow ball
Principal growth stage 6: Flowering
60 First flowers open
61 Beginning of flowering: about 10% of flowers open
62 About 20% of flowers open
63 About 30% of flowers open
64 About 40% of flowers open
65 Full flowering: at least 50% of flowers open, first petals falling
67 Flowers fading: majority of petals fallen
69 End of flowering: all petals fallen
Principal growth stage 7: Development of fruit
71 Ovary growing; fruit fall after flowering
72 Green ovary surrounded by dying sepal crown, sepals beginning to fall
73 Second fruit fall
75 Fruit about half final size
76 Fruit about 60% of final size
77 Fruit about 70% of final size
78 Fruit about 80% of final size
79 Fruit about 90% of final size
Principal growth stage 8: Maturity of fruit and seed
81 Beginning of fruit colouring
85 Colouring advanced
87 Fruit ripe for picking
89 Fruit ripe for consumption: fruit have typical taste and firmness
Principal growth stage 9: Senescence, beginning of dormancy
91 Shoot growth completed; foliage still fully green
92 Leaves begin to discolour
93 Beginning of leaf fall
95 50% of leaves discoloured or fallen
97 All leaves fallen
99 Harvested product

1 From terminal bud

References

Meier, U.; H. Graf, M. Hess, W. Kennel, R. Klose, D. Mappes, D. Seipp, R. Stauss, J. Streif, T. van den Boom (1994). "Phänologische Entwick-lungsstadien des Kernobstes (Malus domestica Borkh. und Pyrus communis L.), des Steinobstes (Prunus-Arten), der Johannisbeere (Ribes-Arten) und der Erdbeere (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.).". Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd. 46: 141-153.

 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "BBCH-scale_(stone_fruit)". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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