BBCH-scale (bulb vegetable)

The BBCH-scale (bulb vegetable) identifies the phenological development stages of the bulb vegetables ((Onion = Allium cepa, leek = Allium porrum, garlic = Allium sativum, shallot = Allium ascalonicum auct). It is a plant species specific version of the BBCH-scale.

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A downloadable version [1] of the BBCH Scales, including illustrations, is available from the BBA [2] (Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry)

Phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of bulb vegetables
Code (2-digit)	Code (3-digit)	Description
Principal growth stage 0: Germination
00	000	Dry seed,¹ dormant bulb²
01	000	Beginning of seed imbibition¹
03	003	Seed imbibition complete¹
05	005	Radicle emerged from seed.¹ Roots appearing²
07	007	Cotyledon breaking through seed coat¹
09	009	Emergence: cotyledon breaks through soil surface.¹ Green shoot visible²
	010	Cotyledon visible as hook¹
	011	Hook stage: hooked cotyledon green¹
	012	Whip stage: cotyledon has whip-like form¹
Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development (Main shoot)
10	100	Advanced whip stage: whip begins to die off¹
11	101	First leaf (> 3 cm) clearly visible
12	102	2nd leaf (> 3 cm) clearly visible
13	103	3rd leaf (> 3 cm)
1 .	10 .	Stages continuous till . . .
19	109	9 or more leaves clearly visible
Principal growth stage 4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts
41	401	Leaf bases begin to thicken or extend
43	403	30% of the expected bulb or shaft diameter reached
45	405	50% of the expected bulb or shaft diameter reached
47	407	Bolting begins; in 10% of the plants leaves bent over³ 70% of the expected shaft length and diameter reached⁴
48	408	Leaves bent over in 50% of plants³
49	409	Leaves dead, bulb top dry; dormancy³ Growth complete; length and stem diameter typical for variety reached⁴
Principal growth stage 5: Inflorescence emergence
51	501	Onion bulb begins to elongate
53	503	30% of the expected length of flower stem reached
55	505	Flower stem at full length; sheath closed
57	507	Sheath burst open
59	509	First flower petals visible; flowers still closed
Principal growth stage 6: Flowering
60	600	First flowers open (sporadically)
61	601	Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open
62	602	20% of flowers open
63	603	30% of flowers open
64	604	40% of flowers open
65	605	Full flowering: 50% of flowers open
67	607	Flowering finishing: 70% of petals fallen or dry
69	609	End of flowering
Principal growth stage 7: Development of fruit
71	701	First capsules formed
72	702	20% of capsules formed
73	703	30% of capsules formed
74	704	40% of capsules formed
75	705	50% of capsules formed
76	706	60% of capsules formed
77	707	70% of capsules formed
78	708	80% of capsules formed
79	709	Capsule development complete; seeds pale
Principal growth stage 8: Ripening of fruit and seed
81	801	Beginning of ripening: 10% of capsules ripe
85	805	First capsules bursting
89	809	Fully ripe: seeds black and hard
Principal growth stage 9: Senescence
92	902	Leaves and shoots beginning to discolour
95	905	50% of leaves yellow or dead
97	907	Plants or above ground parts dead
99	909	Harvested product (seeds)

1 Seed sown
2 Onion sets, shallot and garlic
3 For onions, garlic
4 For leek

References

Feller, C.; H. Bleiholder, L. Buhr, H. Hack, M. Hess, R. Klose, U. Meier, R. Stauss, T. van den Boom, E. Weber (1995). "Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Gemüsepflanzen: I. Zwiebel-, Wurzel-, Knollen- und Blattgemüse. Nachrichtenbl. Deut.". Pflanzenschutzd. 47: 193-206.

Category: BBCH-scale

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "BBCH-scale_(bulb_vegetable)". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.

BBCH-scale (bulb vegetable)

Additional recommended knowledge

How to quickly check pipettes?

Guide to balance cleaning: 8 simple steps

Daily Sensitivity Test

References

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