A downloadable version [1] of the BBCH Scales, including illustrations, is available from the BBA [2] (Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry)
Phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of peanut
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Code
| Description
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Principal growth stage 0: Germination
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00 | Dry seed
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01 | Beginning of seed imbibition
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03 | Seed imbibition complete
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05 | Radicle emerged from seed
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07 | Hypocotyl with cotyledons breaking through seed coat
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08 | Hypocotyl reaches the soil surface; hypocotyl arch visible
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09 | Emergence: hypocotyl with cotyledons arising above soil surface (“cracking stage”)
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Principal growth stage 1: Leaf development (Main shoot)
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10 | Cotyledons completely unfolded1
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11 | First true leaf (pinnate) unfolded1
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12 | 2nd true leaf (pinnate) unfolded1
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13 | 3rd true leaf (pinnate) unfolded1
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1 . | Stages continuous till . . .
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19 | 9 or more true leaves unfolded.1 No side shoots visible2
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Principal growth stage 2: Formation of side shoots3
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21 | 1st side shoot visible
|
22 | 2nd side shoot visible
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23 | 3rd side shoot visible
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2 . | Stages continuous till . . .
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29 | 9 or more side shoots visible
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Principal growth stage 3: Main stem elongation (Crop cover)
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31 | Beginning of crop cover: 10% of plants meets between rows
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32 | 20% of plants meets between rows
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33 | 30% of plants meets between rows
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34 | 40% of plants meets between rows
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35 | 50% of plants meets between rows
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36 | 60% of plants meets between rows
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37 | 70% of plants meets between rows
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38 | 80% of plants meets between rows
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39 | Crop cover complete: 90% of plants meets between rows
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Principal growth stage 5: Inflorescence emergence
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51 | First inflorescence buds visible
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55 | First individual flower buds visible
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59 | First flower petals visible. Flower buds still closed
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Principal growth stage 6: Flowering
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61 | Beginning of flowering
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62 | First carpophore pegs visible
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63 | Continuation of flowering
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64 | First carpophore pegs visibly elongated
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65 | Full flowering
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66 | First carpophore pegs penetrating the soil
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67 | Flowering declining4
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68 | Tip of first carpophore pegs growing horizontally in the soil
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69 | End of flowering4
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Principal growth stage 7: Development of fruits and seeds
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71 | Beginning of pod development: tip of first carpophore pegs swollen (at least twice the original diameter)
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73 | Continuation of pod development: beginning of pod filling: first pods have attained final size and are ripening
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75 | Main phase of pod development: continuation of pod filling
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77 | Advanced pod filling
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79 | Fresh seeds fill the cavity of the pods which have attained their final size
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Principal growth stage 8: Ripening of fruits and seeds5
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81 | Beginning of ripening: about 10% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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82 | About 20% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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83 | Continuation of ripening: about 30% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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84 | About 40% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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85 | Main phase of ripening: about 50% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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86 | About 60% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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87 | Advanced ripening: about 70% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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88 | About 80% of pods developed to final size are ripe
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89 | Full maturity: nearly all pods developed to final size are ripe
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Principal growth stage 9: Senescence
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91 | About 10% of above ground parts of plant dry
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92 | About 40% of above ground parts of plant dry
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93 | About 30% of above ground parts of plant dry
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94 | About 40% of above ground parts of plant dry
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95 | About 50% of above ground parts of plant dry
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96 | About 60% of above ground parts of plant dry
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97 | Above ground parts of plant dead
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99 | Harvested product
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