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Aminolevulinic acid synthase
The rate-limiting enzyme in porphyrin and heme biosynthesis is ALA synthase, the enzyme (EC 2.3.1.37) that catalyses glycine and succinyl-CoA into D-Aminolevulinic acid. In humans, transcription of ALA synthase is tightly controlled by the presence of Fe2+-binding elements, to prevent accumulation of porphyrin intermediates in the absence of iron. There are two forms of ALA synthase in the body. One form is expressed in red blood cell precursor cells, while the other is expressed throughout the body. The red blood cell form is coded by a gene on chromosome x, while the other form is coded by a gene on chromsome 3. The disease X linked sideroblastic anemia is caused by mutations in the ALA synthase gene on chromosome X, while no diseases are known to be caused by mutations in the other. Additional recommended knowledgeALA synthase removes the carboxyl group from glycine and the CoA from the succinate, forming δ-amino levulinic acid (dALA), so called because the amino group is on the fourth carbon atom in the molecule.
Categories: Genes on chromosome 3 | Genes on chromosome X | EC 2.3.1 |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Aminolevulinic_acid_synthase". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |