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Albuminuria

Name of Symptom/Sign:
**Albuminuria**
*Classifications and external resources*
ICD-10	R80.
ICD-9	791.0
MeSH	D000419

Albuminuria is a pathological condition where albumin is present in the urine. It is a type of proteinuria.

Additional recommended knowledge

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Measurement

The amount of protein being lost in the urine can be quantified by collecting the urine for 24 hours, measuring a sample of the pooled urine, and extrapolating to the volume collected.

Causes

The kidneys normally filter out large molecules from the urine, so albuminuria can be an indicator of damage to the kidneys. It can also occur in patients with long-standing diabetes especially type 1 diabetes.

Causes of albuminuria can be discriminated between by the amount of protein excreted.

The nephrotic syndrome usually results in the excretion of about 3.0 to 3.5 grams per 24 hours.

Nephritic syndrome results in far less albuminuria.

Microalbuminuria (more than 300mg) can be a forerunner of diabetic nephropathy.

v • d • e Abnormal clinical and laboratory findings (R70-R94, 790-796)
Blood test	red blood cells (Elevated ESR, Anisocytosis, Poikilocytosis, Reticulocytosis) - blood sugar (Abnormal glucose tolerance test, Hyperglycemia) - enzymes (Elevated transaminases, Cardiac marker) - elevated alpha-fetoprotein - mineral (Iron overload disorder) - pathogens (Bacteremia, Viremia) - Azotemia
Urine test	Proteinuria (Albuminuria, Microalbuminuria) - Glycosuria - Chyluria - Myoglobinuria - Bilirubinuria - Hemoglobinuria - Ketonuria - Crystalluria
Other	Abnormal basal metabolic rate