ATP synthase gamma subunit

ATP synthase
Identifiers
Symbol	ATP-synt
Pfam	PF00231
InterPro	IPR000131
SCOP	1bmf
Available PDB structures: Additional recommended knowledge Essential Laboratory Skills Guide Safe Weighing Range Ensures Accurate Results Guide to balance cleaning: 8 simple steps 1fs0G:19-248 1w0kG:26-297 1h8eG:26-297 1cowG:26-297 1e1qG:26-297 1w0jG:26-297 1h8hG:26-297 1bmfG:26-297 1e1rG:26-297 1efrG:26-297 1nbmG:26-297

Gamma subunit of ATP synthase F1 complex forms the central shaft that connects the F0 rotary motor to the F1 catalytic core.

F-ATP synthases (also known as F1F0-ATPase, or H(+)-transporting two-sector ATPase) (EC 3.6.3.14) are composed of two linked complexes: the F1 ATPase complex is the catalytic core and is composed of 5 subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon), while the F0 ATPase complex is the membrane-embedded proton channel that is composed of at least 3 subunits (A-C), nine in mitochondria (A-G, F6, F8).

Both the F1 and F0 complexes are rotary motors that are coupled back-to-back. In the F1 complex, the central gamma subunit forms the rotor inside the cylinder made of the alpha(3)beta(3) subunits, while in the F0 complex, the ring-shaped C subunits forms the rotor. The two rotors rotate in opposite directions, but the F0 rotor is usually stronger, using the force from the proton gradient to push the F1 rotor in reverse in order to drive ATP synthesis^[1]. These ATPases can also work in reverse to hydrolyse ATP to create a proton gradient.

The ATPase F1 complex gamma subunit forms the central shaft that connects the F0 rotary motor to the F1 catalytic core. The gamma subunit functions as a rotary motor inside the cylinder formed by the alpha(3)beta(3) subunits in the F1 complex^[2]. The best-conserved region of the gamma subunit is its C-terminus, which seems to be essential for assembly and catalysis.

Human gamma subunit of ATP synthase is ATP5C1.

References

This article includes text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR000131