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6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine



6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
4,5-α-epoxy-17-methyl-6-methylenemorphinan-3-ol
Identifiers
CAS number 3414-84-4
ATC code  ?
PubChem 5492874
Chemical data
Formula C18H21NO2 
Mol. mass 283.36 g/mol
Synonyms 6-MDDM, 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Metabolism  ?
Half life  ?
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

?

Legal status
Routes  ?

6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine (6-MDDM) is an opiate analogue that is a derivative of hydromorphone, where the 6-ketone group has been replaced by methylene. It has sedative and analgesic effects.

6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine is a potent μ-opioid agonist, reportedly up to 80x stronger than morphine.[1] Compared to morphine it has a faster onset of action and similar duration of effects.[1] It produces around the same degree of respiratory depression as morphine, but less inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. Animal studies show it to be a potent analgesic which produces significant analgesic effects even at low doses which produce comparatively few side effects,[2] however it has never been developed for medical use in humans.

6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine is synthesised in two steps; first a Wittig reaction is used, reacting hydrocodone with methylenetriphenylphosphorane and an alkyl lithium reagent in diethyl ether to form 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxycodeine. The 3-methoxy group is then cleaved to hydroxy, by reaction with pyridine. The second step tends to be incomplete and often gives fairly low yields, but these can be improved by changing the reaction conditions.[3][4]


References

  1. ^ Abdel-Rahman MA, Elliott HW, Binks R, Küng W, Rapoport H. Synthesis and Pharmacology of 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 1966; 9(1):1-6.
  2. ^ Okun R, Elliott HW. Acute Pharmacological Studies of Some New Morphine Derivatives. Journal of Pharmacology And Experimental Therapeutics. 1958; 124(3): 255-259.
  3. ^ Chadha MS, Rapoport H. The Preparation of Some 6-Methylated Dihydrodesoxymorphines. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1957; 79(21):5730-5734.
  4. ^ Wiegert PE, De La Mater G, McElheny GC, Patterson LA. Physical Constants of 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine. Journal of Organic Chemistry. 1961; 26(12):5249-5250.
v • d • e
Opioids
Opiate derivatives

6-Methyldihydromorphine • 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine • 14-Methoxymetopon • Acetylcodeine • Acetyldihydrocodeine • Acetyldihydrocodeinone • Acetylmorphone • Benzylmorphine • β-4-morpholinylethylmorphine • Codeine • Codeine-N-Oxide • Codeinone • Codoxime • Desomorphine • Diacetyldihydromorphine • Dihydrocodeine • Dihydrocodeinone enol acetate • Dihydrohydroxycodeinone • Dihydrodesoxymorphine • Dihydroheroin • Dihydroisocodeine • Dihydromorphine • Dipropanoylmorphine • Ethylmorphine • Heroin (Diamorphine) • Heterocodeine • Hydrocodone • Hydromorphinol • Hydromorphone • Laudanum • Methyldesorphine • Methyldihydromorphine • Methylnaltrexone • Metopon • Monoacetylmorphine • Morphine-N-Oxide • Morphine • Morphinone • Morphine-6-glucuronide • Myrophine • Nalbuphine • Nalmefene • Nalorphine • Naloxone • Naltrexone • Naltrindole • Nicocodeine • Nicodicodeine • Nicomorphine • Norcodeine • Normorphine • Omnopon • Opium • Oripavine • Oxycodone • Oxymorphone • Pantopon • Papaveretum • Paregoric • Pholcodeine • Pseudomorphine • Poppy Straw • Poppy Tea • Semorphone • Tetrapon • Thebacon • Thebaine

Morphinans

Butorphanol • Cyclorphan • Dextro-3-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan • Dextrorphan • Drotebanol • Levargorphan • Levallorphan • Levorphanol • Levorphan • Levophenacylmorphan • Levomethorphan • Norlevorphanol • Oxilorphan • Phenomorphan • Racemethorphan • Racemorphan

Benzomorphans

Bremazocine • Cyclazocine • Dezocine • Ethylketocyclazocine • Ketazocine • Metazocine • Pentazocine • Phenazocine

4-Phenylpiperidines
Pethidines (Meperidines)

Anileridine • Benzethidine • Carperidine • Difenoxin • Diphenoxylate • Etoxeridine (Carbetidine) • Furethidine • Hydroxypethidine (Bemidone) • Morpheridine • Oxpheneridine (Carbamethidine) • Pethidine (Meperidine) • Pethidine Intermediate A • Pethidine Intermediate B (Norpethidine) • Pethidine Intermediate C (Pethidinic Acid) • Pheneridine • Phenoperidine • Piminodine • Properidine (Ipropethidine) • Sameridine • WIN-7681

Prodines

Allylprodine • α-meprodine • α-prodine • β-meprodine • β-prodine • Meprodine • MPPP • PEPAP • Prodine • Prosidol • Trimeperidine

Ketobemidones

Acetoxyketobemidone • Ketobemidone • Methylketobemidone • Propylketobemidone

Others Alvimopan • Loperamide • Picenadol
Open Chain Opioids
Amidones

Dextromethadone • Dipipanone • Isomethadone • Levomethadone • Methadone • Methadone Intermediate • Norpipanone • Phenadoxone  (Heptazone) • Pipidone

Methadols

Acetylmethadol • α-methadol • α-acetylmethadol • β-methadol • β-acetylmethadol • Dimepheptanol • Levo-α-acetylmethadol • Noracymethadol

Moramides

Dextromoramide • Levomoramide • Moramide Intermediate • Racemoramide

Thiambutenes

Diethylthiambutene • Dimethylthiambutene • Ethylmethylthiambutene

Phenalkoxams

Dextropropoxyphene • Dimenoxadol • Dioxaphetyl Butyrate • Levopropoxyphene • Propoxyphene

Ampromides

Diampromide • Phenampromide • Propiram

Others Lefetamine
Anilidopiperidines

3-allylfentanyl • 3-methylfentanyl • 3-methylthiofentanyl • Alfentanil • α-methylacetylfentanyl • α-methylfentanyl • α-methylthiofentanyl • Benzylfentanyl • β-hydroxyfentanyl • β-hydroxythiofentanyl • β-methylfentanyl • Brifentanil • Carfentanil • Fentanyl • Lofentanil • Ohmefentanyl • Parafluorofentanyl • Phenaridine • Remifentanil • Sufentanil • Thenylfentanyl • Thiofentanyl • Trefentanil

Oripavine derivatives

7-PET • Acetorphine • Alletorphine • Buprenorphine • Cyprenorphine • Dihydroetorphine • Diprenorphine • Etorphine • N-cyclopropyl-methylnoretorphine

Phenazepines

Ethoheptazine • Meptazinol • Metheptazine • Metethoheptazine • Proheptazine

Pirinitramides

Bezitramide • Piritramide

Benzimidazoles

Clonitazene • Etonitazene

Others

Ciramadol • Faxeladol • Herkinorin • Methopholine • Narcotine • O-Desmethyltramadol • SNC-80 • Tapentadol • Tilidine • Tramadol • Zipeprol

 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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