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2-Arachidonoylglycerol
2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an endocannabinoid, an endogenous agonist of the CB1 receptor.[1][2] It is an ester formed from the omega-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid and glycerol. Unlike anandamide, 2-AG is present at relatively high levels in the central nervous system; it is the most abundant molecular species of monoacylglycerol found in rat brain.[2][3] Formation of 2-AG is calcium-dependent and is mediated by the activities of phospholipase C (PLC) and diacylglycerol lipase (DAG).[2] 2-AG acts as a full agonist at the CB1 receptor.[4] At a concentration of 0.3 nM, 2-AG induces a rapid, transient increase in intracellular free calcium in NG108-15 neuroblastoma X glioma cells through a CB1 receptor-dependent mechanism.[2] 2-AG is metabolized in vitro by monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase, with MGL likely being the principle metabolizing enzyme in vivo.[4] Additional recommended knowledgeIt has been found in maternal bovine and human milk.[5]
References
Categories: Cannabinoids | Neurotransmitters |
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "2-Arachidonoylglycerol". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |